HEART:

Word History:

Human heart Greek Cardium.

Definition:

The heart is a strong Siphoning organ. The heart is a clench hand estimated organ that siphons blood all through your body. It's the essential organ of your circulatory framework. Your heart contains four primary segments (chambers) made of muscle and controlled by electrical motivations. Your cerebrum and sensory system direct your heart's capability.

Shape:

It is cone like in shape and is mostly about the size of your fixed clenched hand.

weight of Heart:

Overall, a grown-up's heart weighs around 10 ounces. Your heart might gauge somewhat more or somewhat less, contingent upon your body size and sex.

Area:

It is found on the left half of the thoracic (chest) pit.

Pericardium:

The heart is covered by an outer twofold layer called the pericardium.

Sinewy Pericardium:

The external layer of the pericardium is comprised of intense sinewy connective tissue.

Serous Pericardium:

It is the second layer of the pericardium comprised of level epithelial connective tissue.

Capability:

This layer safeguards the heart from over-expansion particularly when we run or take a hard activity.

Both films are somewhat separated in the middle between them presenting a little depression called the pericardial pit. It is loaded up with a liquid, the pericardial liquid.

Which greases up the heart to facilitate development.

What's more, safeguards the heart from any liquid.

Furthermore, safeguard the heart from any mechanical injury.

Go about as a shape safeguard.

Life structures:

The heart comprises four chambers: two auricles (additionally called atria) and two ventricles. The heart is made out of cardiovascular muscles which are particular sorts of muscles that continue to work constantly, untiringly.

Size:

Auricles are more modest and dainty walled isolated from one another by a bury auricular septum. 

Heart walls

Your heart walls are the muscles that agreement (press) and unwind to send blood all through your body. A layer of solid tissue called the septum partitions your heart walls into the left and right sides.

Your heart walls have three layers:

Endocardium: Internal layer.

Myocardium: Strong center layer.

Epicardium: Defensive external layer.

The epicardium is one layer of your pericardium. The pericardium is a defensive sac that covers your whole heart. It produces liquid to grease up your heart and hold it back from scouring against different organs.

Position:

They structure the front part of the heart.

Ventricles are bigger thick-walled chambers additionally isolated by entombing ventricular range.

The right chamber speaks with the right ventricle through a valve called a tricuspid because it comprises three folds of muscles and the left section opens into the left chamber and opens into the left ventricle.

Ventricles are the office of the ham heart which goes about as a blood distributer.

On the right half of the heart, the valve has 3 fold

Auricles: are the office of the human heart which goes about as blood beneficiary

There are two auricles, left and right.

Right, auricles:

Gets deoxygenated blood.

Left auricle:

Get oxygenated blood.

Function:

Your heart's primary capability is to move blood all through your body. Your heart too:

Controls the cadence and speed of your pulse.

Keeps up with your pulse.

These valves control the blood flow and blood is allowed to flow only in one direction.

During this, the tricuspid valve is kept closed preventing the backflow. After oxygenation, the blood comes back to the left atrium through pulmonary veins.

The semilunar valves in the pulmonary vein allow the deoxygenated blood to go to the lungs and prevent its backflow. From here via bicuspid value oxygenated blood is sent to the left ventricle.

Separation of blood:

Like other mammals, in human beings as well, the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood is completely separated. Deoxygenated blood remains on the right side of the heart and oxygenated on the left side of the heart. Valves play a very important role in this regard by preventing the backflow of blood.

CARDIAC CYCLE AND PHASES OF HEARTBEAT:

Definition:

One contraction and one relaxation are called a cardiac cycle.

The repetitive pumping cycle of the heart is called the cardiac cycle of the heart.

When the number of heartbeats increases to 72 beats per minute like 100 beats per min this condition is known as a heartbeat.

Reasons: this condition may occur due to heart problems exercise and sometimes with medicine like caffeine.

Brad cardia:

When the number of heartbeats decreases from 72 to 60 beats per min this condition is known as brad cardia.

The volume of blood:

Every time heart pours about 85 milliliters of blood into the aorta with great pressure.

Mechanism of cardiac cycle:

The continuous working of the heart is due to certain specialized structures like SA and AV nodes and some specific types of fibers called Purkinje fibers.

Definition:

The pacemaker or SA node is the impulse-generating tissue located in the upper dorsal wall of the right atrium of the heart, near the entrance of the superior vena cava.

Function:

SA node initiates the electrical impulses for the heartbeat and keeps the heart in motion.

REASON:

A decrease in heartbeat may occur due to heart problems or the resting phase (sleeping).

Function:

SA node initiates the electrical impulses for the heartbeat and keeps the heart in motion.

Reasons:

A decrease in heartbeat may occur due to a heart problem or the resting phase (sleeping).

EIECTROCARDIOGRAM (ECG):

The Electrocardiogram is a clinical gadget utilized for recording the electrical activity of the Heart.

History:

Einthoven willem.

ECG Recommendation:

The information is used to discover heart rate, arrhythmias, myocardial infarctions, atrial enlargements, ventricular hypertrophies, bundle branch blocks, etc.

 

Reading of ECG:

1mm      0.5mv    0.004sec

5mm       0.5m   0.2sec

10mm      1mv      0.4 sec

Reading ECG:

TP Interval.

Atria and ventricles are relaxed, and blood is flowing into the atria from the veins. As the atria pressure increases above that of the ventricles, the AV valves open, allowing blood flow into the ventricles.

P Wave:

The SA node fire and the atria force all the blood into the ventricles, emptying the atria.

QR Interval:

The AV valves remain open as all remaining blood is squeezed into the ventricles.

RS Interval:

As the blood is now all within the ventricles and so the pressure is higher here than in the atria, the AV valves close.

ST Segment:

Pressure increments until it rises to Aortia pressure when the SL valves open.

T Wave:

Ventricles relax, the ventricles pressure is once again less than the aortic pressure and so the valves closed.

BLOOD VESSELS:

The tubular structure is responsible for the circulation of blood.

Three types of Vessels:

Arteries

Vein

Capillaries

Way OF BLOOD THROUGH PULMONARY AND Foundational Flow:

At the point when a heart agrees and powers blood into veins, there is a sure way that the blood finishes the body. The blood travels through pneumonic flow and afterward forges ahead through fundamental dissemination.

Conditions and issues influence the human heart:

Heart conditions are among the most well-known kinds of problems influencing individuals. In the US, coronary illness is the main source of death for individuals of all sexual orientations and most ethnic and racial gatherings.

Normal circumstances that influence your heart include:

Atrial fibrillation (Afib): 

Unpredictable electrical motivations in your chamber.

Arrhythmia:

 A heartbeat that is excessively quick, excessively sluggish or pulsates with an unpredictable cadence.

Cardiomyopathy: 

Uncommon thickening, development or hardening of your heart muscle.

Congestive cardiovascular breakdown:

 When your heart is excessively solid or excessively powerless to siphon blood all through your body appropriately.

Coronary course infection: 

Plaque development that prompts slender coronary corridors.

Respiratory failure (myocardial dead tissue):

 An unexpected coronary conduit blockage that removes oxygen to a piece of your heart muscle.

Pericarditis: 

Irritation in your heart's covering (pericardium).